To give credit to authors and acknowledge their ideas (whether you quote them or not).
To avoid plagiarism.
To allow others to track 
the sources you consulted, so scholars can have conversations about your topic.
"Paw Print Cat Free Photo" by George Hodan is licensed under CC0 Public Domain
A citation or reference is the information given in a bibliography or a database about a particular title, which often includes:
There are many ways to format citations. The style you choose depends on your field and the requirements set by your Instructor.
Adapted from UWM Libraries
You can often find all the information you need for a journal article citation on the first page of that article.
**click on image to enlarge it**
Adapted from UWM Libraries
This style, recommended by the American Medical Association (AMA), is often used for scholarly writing about medicine or health-related topics.
Look up journals in PubMed/NCBI to find their abbreviations.
AMA manual of style : a guide for authors and editors
Call Number: R 119 A533 2020 on RESERVE
1. Lastname FM, Lastname FM. Title of article: subtitle of article. Abbreviated Journal Name (or full title if no NCBI NLM abbreviation). Year;vol(issue number):page-page. DOI (if given)
2. Kernozek TW, Knaus A, Rademaker T, Almonroeder TG. The effects of habitual foot strike patterns on Achilles tendon loading in female runners. Gait Posture. 2018;66:283-287. doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2018.09.016
Reference List
Listed in numerical order at the end of the manuscript.
References to material not yet accepted for publication or to personal communications are instead included parenthetically in the text.
In-Text Citation
Superscript number refers to the corresponding reference in the reference list.
This slide presentation was presented as part of EKU's Teaching and Learning Innovation (TLI) Series. It presents info on the most notable changes in the APA's new 7th edtion of its publication manual.
Template
Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of Publication). Title of article: no capital after colon. Title of Journal, Volume(Issue), Page Range. URL or DOI
Print Article
Ellery, K. (2008). Undergraduate plagiarism: a pedagogical perspective. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(5), 507-516.
Online Article
Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.24.225
Publication Manual of the American Psychological AssociationMany library databases have built-in citations tools that auto-create a citation. The major citation styles are available choices in the databases citation tools.
These citations tools should only be considered a starting point, as they may contain formatting errors - always review auto-created citations to ensure they are correct.
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Organize and save citations/articles. |
Create in-text citations. |
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Share citations/articles with colleagues. |
Generate Reference Lists in a wide range of styles. |
with thanks to MCPHS University
Examples of free citation management tools are: Mendeley and Zotero
Mastering Zotero: Turn your citation management tool into a complete research assistant
MLA Style Manual and Guide to Scholarly Publishing
Cite Right: a quick guide to citation styles--MLA, APA, Chicago, the sciences, professions, and more
Essential Skills for Science and Technology|
Plagiarism
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ZoteroBib quickly generates a citation and then converts it to APA, MLA, etc.
A comprehensive overview on How To Use Zotero.
This guide provides an overview of Zotero along with training options, support and access information for Zotero.
Some tips: from Royal Roads University guide on Zotero and from University of Wisconsin.
The comparison chart below will help you to examine the different features available and figure out the best option for you.
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Zotero |
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Mendeley |
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Adapted from Toronto Metropolitan University Library Citation Management
