Citing a Range of Pages/References:
'This is a pertinent issue, which Maynard argues will be "felt most strongly by end-users, including the DoD and commercial industry" [13, pp. 1107–1108].'
'Studies [5]–[9] have shown ... '
Citing Multiple Sources in One Sentence:
Non-Consecutive:
'To alleviate high computational cost, several papers attempt to solve the sensor scheduling problem by using uboptimal methods while giving reasonable results [1], [5], [8].'
Consecutive:
'Studies [5]–[9] have shown ... '
Citing the Same Source Multiple Times:
Use the same number originally used to cite the source, whenever you use it further in your work.
Citing a Source Within a Source (Secondary Citing):
Where possible, access the original work cited in the source you are reading. If you are unable to do this, cite the source you are reading.
Citing Six or More Authors:
When citing sources with five authors or less, include each author (if writing an author-prominent sentence). For sources with six or more authors, include the first author, followed by 'et al.'
'Rutter et al. describe the process of electrolysis in [18].'
Long Quotations:
For quotations that are three lines or longer, use an indented block quotation without the quotation marks. Start the quotation on a new line, indented five to seven spaces from the left margin, for example:
Hunter notes that:
The Convention on Registration of Objects Launched into Outer Space (UNOOSA) is an international agreement brokered by the United Nations that came into force in 1976. It provides that the launching state should furnish to the United Nations, as soon as practicable, detailed information on certain launches into outer space [2, pp. 132–133].