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Environmental Public Health / Health Inspector: Citing

Cite, you must...

    To give credit to authors and acknowledge their ideas (whether you quote them or not).

    To avoid plagiarism.

    To allow others to track  the sources you consulted, so scholars can have conversations about your topic.

 

"Paw Print Cat Free Photo" by George Hodan is licensed under CC0 Public Domain

 Watch the 2 minutes video Citation: A (Very) Brief Introduction, created by NCSU Libraries. This video is licensed under a Creative Commons 3.0 BY-NC-SA US license.

APA Citing -- 7th edition

 

A citation or reference is the information given in a bibliography or a database about a particular title, which often includes:

  • article title or chapter title
  • periodical title or book title
  • author(s) or editor(s)
  • date of publication
  • publisher name
  • volume/issue (articles) or edition (books)
  • page range
  • electronic access (URL or DOI)

There are many ways to format citations. The style you choose depends on your field and the requirements set by your Instructor.

Template

Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Year of Publication). Title of article: no capital after colon. Title of Journal, Volume(Issue), Page Range. URL or DOI

Examples

Print Article

Ellery, K. (2008). Undergraduate plagiarism: a pedagogical perspective. Assessment & Evaluation in Higher Education, 33(5), 507-516.

Online Article

Herbst-Damm, K. L., & Kulik, J. A. (2005). Volunteer support, marital status, and the survival times of terminally ill patients. Health Psychology, 24, 225-229. doi: 10.1037/0278-6133.24.225

Adapted from UWM Libraries

You can often find all the information you need for a journal article citation on the first page of that article.

**click on image to enlarge it**

Adapted from UWM Libraries

For full details, please read the APA blog post.

ChatGPT and other Large Language Models are useful tools for developing a research question or drafting preliminary text, but the results it produces are not reproducible or retrievable -- therefore, the "chat" produced is more analogous to a personal conversation. 

When citing ChatGPT, use the same citation standard as that used for algorithms and similar software. Authors should also describe the use of ChatGPT in the introduction section of their papers. 

ChatGPT may not be authoritative, even when providing "sources" upon request. 

Example Citations
In-text Narrative citation
When prompted with “Is the left brain right brain real or a metaphor?” OpenAI (2013) responded with the ChatGPT generated text that, although the two brain hemispheres are somewhat specialized, “the notion that people can be characterized as ‘left-brained’ or ‘right-brained’ is considered to be an oversimplification and a popular myth”.​
In-text Parenthetical citation
When given a follow-up prompt of “What is a more accurate representation?” the ChatGPT-generated text indicated that “different brain regions work together to support various cognitive processes” and “the functional specialization of different regions can change in response to experience and environmental factors” (OpenAI, 2023; see Appendix A for the full transcript).
Reference
OpenAI.  (2023),  ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model].  https://chat.openai.com/chat

From Michener Institute of Education at UHN

Plagiarism

Citation Managers

  • There are many free options to choose from:
  • Your work is backed up in the cloud.
  • Works will with the BCIT Library database and your text editor.
  • It automates a lot of processes, like attaching PDFs.